A Look of All kinds of knee problems 4,570 views
The knee joint joins the thigh with the leg and consists of two articulations: one between the femur and tibia, and one between the femur and patella.[1] It is the largest and most complicated joint in the human body.[2] The knee is a mobile trocho-ginglymus (i.e. a pivotal hinge joint),[3] which permits flexion and extension as well as a slight medial and lateral rotation. Since in humans the knee supports nearly the entire weight of the body, it is the joint most vulnerable both to acute injury and the development of osteoarthritis.
What Are Some Common Knee Injuries and Problems?
Arthritis: There are some 100 different forms of arthritis, rheumatic diseases, and related conditions. Virtually all of them have the potential to affect the knees in some way; however, the following are the most common: Osteoarthritis. Rheumatoid arthritis. Other rheumatic diseases.
Chondromalacia: Chondromalacia (pronounced KON-dro-mah-LAY-she-ah), also called chondromalacia patellae, refers to softening of the articular cartilage of the kneecap. This disorder occurs most often in young adults and can be caused by injury, overuse, misalignment of the patella, or muscle weakness.
Meniscal Injuries: The menisci can be easily injured by the force of rotating the knee while bearing weight.
Cruciate Ligament Injuries : Cruciate ligament injuries are sometimes referred to as sprains.
Medial and Lateral Collateral Ligament Injuries : The medial collateral ligament is more easily injured than the lateral collateral ligament. The cause of collateral ligament injuries is most often a blow to the outer side of the knee that stretches and tears the ligament on the inner side of the knee. Such blows frequently occur in contact sports such as football or hockey.
Tendon Injuries : Knee tendon injuries range from tendinitis (inflammation of a tendon) to a ruptured (torn) tendon.
Osgood-Schlatter Disease : Osgood-Schlatter disease is a condition caused by repetitive stress or tension on part of the growth area of the upper tibia (the apophysis).
Iliotibial Band Syndrome : Iliotibial band syndrome is an inflammatory condition caused when a band of tissue rubs over the outer bone (lateral condyle) of the knee.
Osteochondritis Dissecans : Osteochondritis dissecans results from a loss of the blood supply to an area of bone underneath a joint surface.
Plica Syndrome : Plica (pronounced PLI-kah) syndrome occurs when plicae (bands of synovial tissue) are irritated by overuse or injury.
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What Types of Exercise Are Most Suitable for Someone With Knee Problems?
Three types of exercise are best for people with arthritis:
Range-of-motion exercises help maintain normal joint movement and relieve stiffness. This type of exercise helps maintain or increase flexibility.
Strengthening exercises help keep or increase muscle strength. Strong muscles help support and protect joints affected by arthritis.
Aerobic or endurance exercises improve function of the heart and circulation and help control weight. Weight control can be important to people who have arthritis because extra weight puts pressure on many joints. Some studies show that aerobic exercise can reduce inflammation in some joints.